Playing sports

My favorite sandwich is a peanut butter sandwich which is quite simple to make. First I obtain the three ingredients of two slice of bread, peanut butter, and Jelly. I carefully spread Jelly on one slice of the bread and the peanut butter on the other slice. Then I meticulously line up the corners of the bread and lightly press them together. Last, I cut my sandwich in half as is ready to be eaten. 6. Advance in technology are making people less social. In our rapidly changing society, technological advances have made people less social.As a result of computer enhancements, an individual can do Just about everything from their home such as pay bills, send emails, shop for items, such as clothes, cars, furniture's, and house hold appliances, make travel reservations and even attend school by taking online classes in a distance learning environment. Additionally, the usage of cell phones has risen especially with the text messaging feature which adds to our being less social. Gone are the days of calling up acquaintances Just to say a simple' â€Å"hello. Rutherford when contacting many businesses, an individual travels on a Journey of recorded messages before actually speaking to a â€Å"live† person. Businesses even use video conferencing instead of physically meeting with the employees. Also many billboards post electronic ads and schools even post important daily messages on their marquees. Nonetheless, our advances in technology are most appreciated but social interactions is still important to maintain much needed relationships with each other because, â€Å"no man is an island. †

Argumentative Essay on Immigration

Illegal Immigration Amnesty There are many problems that the United States faces and the one that is causing several debates is illegal immigration. Thousands and thousands of illegal immigrants have come from many different places. All of them have different desires. One might want a safe future for their family, one is probably looking for a fresh start, or even a place to spread their knowledge. The big question is should illegal immigrants be granted amnesty? After the resources and argument, it is believed that Amnesty should be given to illegal aliens. What is amnesty?Amnesty is a pardon for someone who was convicted in a crime. Amnesty is tangled with the term â€Å"Illegal Aliens†. Illegal aliens according to the law are people who are undocumented and not originally from the country they are currently residing in. There are different points of view on this issue. Nathan Thornburgh, Times Magazine Reporter states, â€Å"Whether you fine illegal aliens or stick them in English classes or make them say a hundred Hail Marys, at the end of the day, illegals would be allowed to stay and become citizens†¦ That's amnesty. And that's a good thing for America.Amnesty won't depress wages – globalization has already done that. Amnesty will not undermine the rule of law. It sounds counterintuitive, but with immigration, forgiving a crime may be the best way to restore law and order. Amnesty won't necessarily add to the social- services burden. Amnesty would offer millions†¦ a fighting chance at self- sufficiency and social mobility. † Everyone deserves a chance to show what they are capable of. Granting amnesty will also reduce the abuse these immigrants face. Many don’t complain about labor exploitation and substandard working conditions in the fear of being deported.Arnold Schwarzenegger, 38th. Governor of California has his own views on this Amnesty situation. â€Å"I am writing to urge Congress to act this year to pass com prehensive immigration reform. We must find a permanent solution to our broken i mmigration system, and I believe that this is our chance to restore America’s status as both a country of immigrants and a nation of laws†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Arnold Schwarzenegger also believes that instead of fighting this crisis of amnesty, it should be resolved in a way where everyone agrees to amnesty. A huge part of the economy depends on the illegal immigrants such as agriculture.Natives have a mindset that they are too good to be working at such lowly ranked jobs so such labor depends on these immigrants. Without the support of the increased population of the illegal immigrants, the economy would be in a condition that’s worse than it already is. Granting amnesty will also reduce crime because these immigrants will not fear about reporting crimes to authorities, therefore helping to reduce the crime rate to an extent. With legalization of these aliens it will strengthen and revitalize the nation and it will increase the nation’s security.Granting amnesty will help the nation focus on more important resources such as militia. These resources that are focused on capturing illegal immigrants who enter the country for work could be redirected towards homeland security or funds for war. Not all agree that the â€Å"illegal aliens† should be able to get a chance to prove themselves. According to Heritage Foundation â€Å"Do not grant amnesty to illegal aliens. Regardless of the penalties imposed, any program that grants individuals who are unlawfully present the legal permission to remain here rewards illegal behavior and is unfair to those who obey the law†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Heritage Foundation believes that it is unfair to grant illegal immigrants the same rights that legal citizens have. They believe this because the illegal immigrants did not follow the laws when they entered the country and the legal immigrants did. There are many cons to the legalization of illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants shouldn’t be granted amnesty because it can increase further illegal immigration at the nations border. This can also encourage trafficking and smuggling of illegal aliens who will pay high prices to enter a country who’s granting amnesty.This also means that the crime will increase and by not granting amnesty it can be avoided. It is also very costly for to tax payers to grant illegal aliens amnesty especially regarding education, healthcare, welfare and social services. Education isn’t at its peak because cuts are always made and increasing kids in the public education system will obviously make it more costly than it has to be. Health care has also been a big issue tax payers definitely don’t want to pay for costs they can avoid. The job market will take a toll with the increasing population of documented aliens.The unemployment rate will increase which means that millions of more people will be looking for work without positive results. By providing amnesty, it shows that the people who are following the rules have the same status as the illegal aliens who should be penalized for their wrong doings. The Heritage Foundation has come to the conclusion that â€Å"†¦Those who enter the United States illegally should not be rewarded with permanent legal status or other such benefits, and they should be penalized in any road to citizenship.Those who enter and remain in the country illegally are violating the law, and condoning or encouraging such violations increases the likelihood of further illegal conduct. † Which means, the person who comes to the country legally should be let go however the one who comes illegally must be harshly reprimanded and shouldn’t be allowed to have the same luxuries as a person who follows the rules. . Believe it or not, but amnesty is bound to benefit America. Amnesty works politically and socially. It helps with the economy and it provides a sa fe journey for future generations whether they’re illegal or not.There are many people mostly students who are intelligent who want to seek a better future. Amnesty will help provide a future for these young people. They will be able to go to college, have a professional care. Even community organizer, Julio Flores says â€Å"There's a great human potential in this town that doesn't see the light of day because of the legal status. † All in all, even though there are any pros and cons towards the decision if amnesty should be granted or not, we are still stuck on the same question â€Å"should illegal aliens be granted amnesty? There are many different points of view on this situation. Amnesty, to a great extent is a resolute by the certain circumstances in which the country find themselves in. Citations Page 1. MLA  (7th ed. ): ProCon. org. â€Å"Is amnesty a good solution to illegal immigration? †Ã‚  Immigration. ProCon. org. ProCon. org, 22 May 2009. Web. 27 Oct. 2012. 2. Thornburgh/Beardstown, Nathan, and Ill. â€Å"Immigration: The Case for Amnesty. â€Å"TIME  [Beardstown] n. d. : 1+. Web. 3. â€Å"Immigration Amnesty. †Ã‚  US. N. p. , n. d. Web. 27 Oct. 2012. .

Health Management Information System Governance and Policy Research Paper

Health Management Information System Governance and Policy - Research Paper Example The system also has the role of providing warnings in case of a foreseen epidemic and thus contributing towards future planning, creating a conducive research and reporting environment. This paper tries to explain different strategies as laid out by the U.S government aimed towards the general improvement of Health Information system. It also talks about how an effective HIS should function. Health Information Systems (HIS) can be defined as â€Å"a set of components and procedures organized with the objective of generating information which will improve health care management decisions at all levels of the health system.† (Lippeveld, et al., 2000). The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health systems as â€Å"all organizations, institutions and resources devoted to producing health actions.† It encompasses central, regional, district, community and household levels. These health systems also incorporate two important components; dissemination and communication. The primary goal of a HIS is to allow making of transparent and sound decisions in a health environment. The performance of HIS can be measured by the quality of data produced and the population’s health status. The HIS should incorporate the parameters of demand, supply and generation level of the health system at which data is generated and used. Factors such as input, output and health determinants make up components of demand. Supply involves sources of generating data either relative to population as a whole or those concerned with the operation of services. Presentation of data varies at different levels and at low levels, use of charts is preferred. From here, indicator components are then analyzed and results used to make reports. The HIS allows for making of sound decisions based on four key components; generation of data, compiling collected data, analyzing and coming up with results and communicating new information and implementing it. Assessment of performance of an effective

Culture of Employers and Employees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Culture of Employers and Employees - Essay Example The American employees are motivated by flexible work timings and good salary packages. As most of these employees tend to have more than one job at a time to earn more, flexible work schedules appeal to them. These employees care about money and freedom of expression. They expect their employers to be flexible in terms of work deadlines. The goal of these employees is to save enough money to live a luxurious lifestyle. These employees are good customers and shop frequently. They are influenced by latest technology, and products of acknowledged and reputable brands. They have an instinct towards living green, safe and healthy, though they are not quite as much prudent in their activities to ensure this. Their assumptions are that they belong to a multicultural society, where they have to accept all kinds of religions, norms, values, and traditions. The affect of these assumptions on their work is that they have freedom of expression and allow others the same. Nairobi, Kenya The cultu re of Nairobian workers deems work second to home. These employees are generally very friendly, and helpful towards one another. They understand one another’s problems and try to extend their help if possible. At a certain point in time, if a Nairobian worker has an issue at home and another at the office of equal importance, the worker would first attend the issue at home and then at the office. â€Å"It is considered a perfectly acceptable reason to show up late for an assignment and for deadlines to be missed just so workers can keep their personal affairs in good order† (â€Å"Cultural Information – Kenya†). Nairobian employers motivate the workers by providing them with relaxed work schedules (Kumba). Nairobian employees expect employers to provide them with flexible work schedules and they care about their families a lot. The goal of Nairobian workers is to earn sufficient for their families. They assume that their employers understand their feeling s towards their families. This has a slightly negative effect on their work as they tend to arrive late at work or leave for home before the break off time. They may not be there at the workplace in the time of urgency. Paris, France The employees in Paris are culturally diverse, but not quite as much as the ones in New York. They communicate with one another mostly in French and occasionally in English. French business culture emphasizes upon formality, respect, mutual trust, and courtesy. In order to be motivated for work, French employees need to be respected. â€Å"Respect of colleagues and bosses motivates workers in France† (Woodward and Shandwick). These employees care about personal image and reputation, and are able to deliver their best in an emotionally satiating and psychologically fulfilling work environment. The French employees have the goal to excel in their profession while keeping their image high. They are influenced by charismatic managers and coworkers wh o are not only well-dressed but also well-behaved. They are motivated to work hard provided that they get the right conditions, though not many are of the view that their employers are cooperative. â€Å"While 82 per cent of employees in France say that they are motivated to ‘go the extra mile’ (in other words ‘engaged’), less than two thirds (53 per cent) feel they are enabled by

Management---IR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Management---IR - Essay Example It offered them the right to negotiate with the employers, the right to collective bargaining, and allowed for paid parental leaves. Furthermore as a part of reforms, the Rudd government abolished various laws which were detrimental for the workers, such as the Australian Workplace Agreements, which was introduced to restore the workers rights by protecting them against their unfair dismissal by the employers, introduced a new system of awards, ensured its compliance through setting up of appropriate bodies, and appointed an independent workplace monitor, with the responsibility of ensuring fair workplace practices. Furthermore, it also allowed the workers the right to join unions. Thus, the phrase â€Å"Labor’s reforms are about restoring the rights of workers, not the power unions†. Labor’s reforms: The various laws pertaining to federal employment and labour reforms in Australia have been subject to a series of hot debates and controversies, over the last deca de. Historically, laws relating to labour reforms and aimed at protection and safeguarding of labour rights have formed a strong basis for fostering political success and have been a major contributor to the emergence of grass root activism movements within Australia. Similar laws aimed at fuelling wide spread labour reforms were enacted and implement in Australia by the Labor party under the Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard government, during the 2007 election. These laws were aimed at developing and enhancing industrial relations through the Forward with Fairness policy. This new policy was developed in response to the sharp criticism received by the previous act i.e. the Work Choices legislation which was received with fierce opposition mostly from the unions, as well as from the workers, who were greatly disadvantaged on account of certain terms and conditions included therein (Work Choices Act, 2005). The new policy / laws were proposed in order to counter the existing law (i.e. th e Work Choices) and the purpose of this new proposed set of laws as announced by the Labour government was to overcome the drawbacks of the previous law, which would be completely dropped and modified (Stewart, 2009: 33-40). While developing the Fair Work Act, 2009 the Rudd- Gillard Labor government endorsed this new legislation as a marked departure from the previous law, which was aimed at ensuring workers’ rights and was described as a relatively more accountable and balanced law, developed taking into consideration the interests of both the employees as well as employers. It was further claimed that the act is likely to bring about the much desired economic development through increased productivity and further the national objectives (Spoehr, 2009: 311-313). The Fair Work Bill was first introduced in the year 2008 and presented in the House of Representatives in November 2008. After a thorough inspection and deliberation over the same, it was finally passed in the senate with a couple of amendments and was then approved by the Governor General in the following months, in April 2009. The new bill (i.e. the Fair Work Bill) was viewed as a major milestone in the history of labour reforms, as it targeted the workers’ rights, more than the rights of the unions, and it sought to bring about major changes which were never witnessed ever before in the entire Australian history. It was seen as a welcome change as compared to the

Explain the concepts of diversity management and equal opportunities, Essay

Explain the concepts of diversity management and equal opportunities, and discuss possible dilemmas that might occur when firms seek to pursue both a diversity - Essay Example Moreover, the workplace is subject to a staggering array of governmental regulations governing many aspects of the composition, organization, and treatment of the workforce. Before these changes, the workforce is historically divided homogeneously in organisational sub-groups (blue-collar, white-collar, unskilled workers, ethnic sub-groups). However, as the globalisation of the business arena has spawned, labour market discrimination (segmentation) had become a wall that could hamper employees to work effectively. Globalisation has brought about the transformation of demographic patterns. As organisations are becoming the microcosm of society, the government and other sectors have pushed organisations to follow some guidelines in hiring people. Ultimately, globalisation means the internationalisation of the business environment. Multi National Corporations (MNC), therefore, are increasingly taking note of their sinister practices of discrimination and considering the possible advantages of a diversified workforce. According to Beamish, et al. (2003), diversity can refer to many things. However, when it comes to workforce management, it commonly has two meanings, one having to do with numerical composition and one having to do with inclusive behaviour. Most frequently, workforce diversity is thought of in terms of numerical composition. A â€Å"diverse workforce† is one that reflects the many different kinds of people in the community or society, usually meaning men and women of different ethnic origins, educational experiences, professional backgrounds, and so forth. When a firm says it must increase its workforce diversity, it usually means hiring more women and ethnic minorities, or citizens of different countries, and promoting them more fully into all levels of the company. In the UK, Clements (2006) revealed that a recent survey of private sector employment equality practices in

Principle and Effectiveness of the concept Rule of Law in the UK Essay

Principle and Effectiveness of the concept Rule of Law in the UK - Essay Example The principle behind the rule of law is that there ought to be sureness in law, such that every person can regulate his or her own dealings accordingly. Even though in UK, it is often argued that it seeks to prevent any arbitrary law making by governing officials or inferior courts, critics argues that it is a complex mixture of principles and sub-principles, with the major contention being on what extent the law allows discretionary powers to be applied. Nevertheless, individual liberties extremely depend on the rule of law, such that its effectiveness hinges on the undertaking of trials through jury or the lack of prejudice from judges. Critics also observe that the success of the rule of law principles hinges more so on its prerogative orders, such that it offers the executive the opportunity to rewrite the principles, in order to attain supposed exigencies of a given political situation as recently. Thus, the aim of this paper is to discuss the principle and effectiveness of the concept Rule of Law in the UK. ... out limiting any exercise of discretionary authority whereby laws are founded on standards with significance given to procedures such that it only allows the implementation of Parliament legislative powers while limiting implementation of legislative authority by the executive. Therefore, legislations are prospective instead of retrospective with an underlying moral foundation for every law. Focus is on having rules and procedures, which can make certain that laws are applied in safeguarding rights instead of being avenues of legitimising exercise of powers. Thirdly, the UK notion of justice is based on interpersonal adjudication and judicial precedent, as the rule of law is not about individuals having to account to arbitrary pronouncements made by governmental officials, but it is about individuals guiding public officials actions by referring to what is barred by plainly defined laws. Hence, decisions made by those in authority or any other public official are exercised based on t he powers that have been reasonably conferred to them, and in good faith. In particular, it calls for the government to offer adjudicative procedures, which are fair, and that avenue that have no prohibitive expenses or filled with inordinate delays are offered in resolving disputes5. Effectiveness The effectiveness of the rule of law has been achieved in UK is because freedom is about accounting only to well-defined and earlier developed laws instead of answering to arbitrary or discretionary proclamation of those in administrative powers. Notably, the separation of powers principle is the one that safeguards the principles, since it calls for admission to courts and those in authority to observe intentions judicial review. As such, disputes are settled based on the law and not the

E-Businesss Impact on Organizational Flexibility Annotated Bibliography

E-Businesss Impact on Organizational Flexibility - Annotated Bibliography Example In this study, the previous literature has been explored by the authors and combining five case studies a model of seven critical factors depicting the impact of flexibility, in the e-business market and on the organizational effectiveness has been proposed. Moreover, this paper proposes the model framed to be utilized as a benchmark and thus can be considered as an essential learning mechanism. The model entails organization-wide change management, joint verdict intelligence and management/ alliance, process orientated agility, organizational learning, information management focused on network, transformational leadership, and knowledgeable meetings. This work offers an interesting insight into the in-progress academic interest in e-business and its influence on the flexibility of organization. The study describes a number of matters linking with human factors, culture, and people as being the most significant to deal. To accomplish efficient organizational change demands actual buy-in from the individuals that are either involved in the change process or are impacted by it i.e. it entails the end-users of the novel technology as well as the central organizational individuals who induce the essential changes. This article provides a comprehensive source on the key factors that can enhance flexibility in an online business and does not limits itself to the technological factor only but also includes the human factor that can help in achieving this goal. It has been evidenced by the authors that the successful implementation of technology depends on task designs, work environment, appropriate training and implementing proper organi zational change. Setting rules and regulations for technological use is recommended to be forbidden to enhance flexibility in the work process, as rules create rigidity in the process.  

Who was Henrietta Lacks Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Who was Henrietta Lacks - Coursework Example The doctor had previously tried to grow a series of human cells, but they all ended in failure. Henriettas cells however did not die. Henrietta died less than a year later, and she was buried on her familys land. Her family had no idea that part of her was still surviving and developing in scientific laboratories from John Hopkins to several areas of the world. Thirty-seven years after Henriettas death, Rebecca Skloot through her Biology instructor, learned of HeLa (Skloot 80). She learned that HeLa was the first ever immortal human cell line. Rebeccas interest sparked, and she took on a life-changing research project that took her over ten years to complete. Henrietta Lack’s cell completely changed the medical world. Her cell led to medical and scientific breakthroughs. Moreover, it brought to question policies concerning patients’ rights. Her surviving children soon became aware of their mother’s surviving cell through Rebecca Skloot (Skloot 250). Deborah reali zed that her mother’s cell developed a multi-billion industry. What is more, a relationship between Deborah and Rebecca developed. All these events marked Henrietta’s legacy and Immortality (Skloot

EADs-BAe merger case analysis (Corporate Finance) Assignment

EADs-BAe merger case analysis (Corporate Finance) - Assignment Example Even though the companies had not revealed benefits and a detailed business structure for the merger it is believed that negotiations with the respective states had not reached that level. The two firms were optimistic that the merger would have built a strong case to pass to the owners of the business. This discussion will address the valuation of the two firms using various models, the motivation and strategy evaluation, the response in the security market and corporate governance analysis to seek ways of making such moves successful and establish the reasons behind the failure. Strategy and Motivation Analysis The motivation of the proposed merger were based on global rivalry, share in the market by the firms, the level of complimentarity, variation in the industrial structure like offsetting of the monopoly. BAE was also believed to be the springboard that would enable EADS to have its biggest jump it craved for in the Northern American continent (Jane's Defense Industry, 1900; p . 75). BAE has a chief role in the manufacture of military equipment as it was noted that 95% of the BAE systems total sales were related to military sales. BAE also plays a vital role in the production of military aircraft such as the Typhoon fighter and the Tornado fighter bomber. The terms of the negotiations were that EADs was to offer 35 billion Euros which was 12% bid premium even though the new ownership was to be divided on a ratio of 3:2 in favor of the shareholders of EADS. In case the term was favorable to BAE it would shape the likelihood of the merger’s success. The US state would also call for disposal of asset upon the merger strategy which was set for security review. There are no current plans to divest any of the company’s operations in the United States as a section of merger with EADS according to the spokesman of BAE (Spulber, 2007; p. 3). EADS and BAE had a deal to have cost savings without necessarily giving details in regard to the scale and the manner in which they might be generated. Amongst the potential opportunities was the potential to accumulate more sales as the network by BAE in the export markets was immense such as ties with India, Australia and Saudi Arabia which would open doors for the EADS. The benefits from the merger were meant to extend over widening markets and that the firms were to target industrial benefits and operational synergy in all joint business. The likely synergy from the merger comprised of a minimum synergy which could be derived as the value of the pre-merger of both companies + the synergy = pre-merger security value + the number of shares for the post-merger. Taking S = Synergy and taking data on 11th September where the EADS share price was 29.30Euros while the number of outstanding shares as at 31st December 2012 being 8.21 billion shares, it then stipulates that the pre-merger value for EADS was 26 billion Euros. Conversely, taking the share value for BAE on 11th September, 2012 as 4. 75Euros and the number of outstanding shares on 31st December, 2012 as 3.59 billion, it applies that the premerger value for BAE is 17.05 billion Euros found as 3.59X4.75 Euros (Financial times, 2013; p. 1-7). Now; by taking the pre-merger security price = the average price of the stock prior to the merger to be EADS + BAE It concurs that

Academic Success Essay Example for Free

Academic Success Essay No matter where you are in your life continuing your education can be a challenge. Being able to juggle all your responsibilities can be very hard, but it is one of the keys to success. Everyone strives to be successful in every aspect of their life. You must know what you want to accomplish and be able to create a guided plan to have the best results. Making sure to stay organized and set your priorities in line, will lead to ultimate success. The ways I plan to continue my academic success is by setting educational goals, perfecting my writing process, applying my learning style, and the importance of academic integrity. Goals Setting goals is a very important step to take in your life. It helps with the drive to continue school and the ability to obtain a lasting career. My educational goal is to finish with high academic honors at the end of my courses. Staying on top of my homework will not only have me stress free but will keep me on top so I do not fall behind. Falling behind on schoolwork can be devastating to my grades. Having a set career goal will keep you motivated and give you the drive to be successful. I plan to start off my career in an entry level position and work my way up to a top paying position. Having a top paying job that I enjoy doing, will allow me to be able to provide or my family. (Stratton, R. K. (2005). Writing Process The writing process is a critical part of having success in your education and your career. Perfecting the writing process while continuing your education can be very challenging in many ways. The writing process is broken down into steps to help ensure success; they are topics, subtopics, outline, thesis, rough draft, and final draft. By mastering these steps it ensures you will be successful. Many jobs now require e-mail and written  communication as a prime source of communication. Being able to communicate effectively will help increase a customer’s experience which in turn helps the business become more successful. (Hansen, n.d.) Critical Thinking Critical thinking can be used in all aspects of a person’s life. There are different steps and also different ways in which you can apply critical thinking. Critical thinking focuses on deeper learning, helps with problem solving, and helps a person explore many issues, ideas, and events before having an opinion on a topic or issue. There are many steps to the critical thinking process, remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating ( Ellis, D., Toft, D. (2015). When applying these steps in the order it will help in the critical thinking process. A lot of people use critical thinking on a day to day basis without even considering they are actually using it. The first step of critical thinking is remembering, it is consisted of reading, listing, and defining. The second step of the process is understanding which is demonstrated, group, outline, and describing the events or issues. The next step is applying which can be accomplished by discussing, explaining, and is used to produce your desired results. Classifying, determining, and comparing and contrasting make up the fourth step which is analyzing. Once done analyzing a person can then begin evaluating. Evaluating helps rate truth, judge effectiveness and rank-issues of facts in order. The last step is creating, in this step you organize your thoughts, plan, also you can agree or disagree on a topic. ( Ellis, D., Toft, D. (2015). Responsibilities You use critical thinking on a daily basis in all aspects in your professional career. When thinking about being at work on time, being prepared for daily tasks, and executing them properly you are demonstrating how to use critical thinking in the work place. Critical thinking is also used for responsibilities to society which is called societal responsibility. There are many ways to positively impact your society like paying your bills on time. Keeping your yard clean, recycling, and keeping up with household projects also applies to societal responsibilities. Sending your kids to school to learn and get a great education would be a positive influence on society. It is very important to keep your  professional and societal responsibilities at a positive level to have the greatest impact. Resources There are many great resources that are available on the University database. The course syllabus is made available to help you stay on task and make sure your assignments are completed and turned in on a timely manner. Instructor’s classroom policies are shown to make certain every student knows the rules to follow set by the individual instructors. Phoenix Connect is provided so students can come together to provide feedback and tips to new and seasoned students. The libaray is a great source to use and find resources like articles and books to help with your research. The Center for Writing Excellence has a great tool, the plagiarism checker and the resource generator, which helps with small errors and saves you time. There are many benefits and challenges associated with using outside sources. You have to make sure the sources are creditable to ensure proper information is given. It helps with providing different points of view from various people. With internet so popular in today’s time students have many ways to get great information at the tip of their fingers. Learning Style Knowing your personal learning style can help you advance in everyday life. My personal learning style is Interpersonal, mode 3. I am an active learner, hands on activities is where I excel the most. Mode 3 learning is consisted of testing ideas, being able to practice what you learn, able to thrive with well-defined tasks, and problem solving. An interpersonal learning needs to be provide with constant feedback to demonstrate success. An individual with this learning style is often found in medical fields and IT positions. Knowing your learning style will help you advance in your educational learning. Conclusion Having your educational and career goals in place with a determined outcome will help you advance in all aspects of your life. Perfecting the writing process will help you with resumes, papers, emails, and provide you the tools to be able to communicate effectively. Also making sure you use all the resources given to you that are right at your fingertips. All of these combined will ensure you are able to achieve the highest level of success.   References Stratton, R. K. (2005). MOTIVATION: Goals and Goal Setting [University of Phoenix Custom Edition eBook]. Reston, United Kingdom: Taylor Francis Ltd.. Retrieved from ProQuest Central, GEN480 Interdisciplinary Capstone website. Hansen, K. (n.d.). Quintessential Careers. Retrieved from http://www.quintcareers.com/writing_skills_on_job.html Ellis, D., Toft, D. (2015). Becoming a Master Student. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection Database.

Relationship between Headteacher and Teachers

Relationship between Headteacher and Teachers Teachers and head teachers play an imperative role in upholding and improving education standards in learning institutions. Head teachers are charged with the responsibility of overseeing the day-to- day operations of a school. Teachers on the other hand are very instrumental when it comes to imparting knowledge, discipline, beliefs and values to students. Over the years, a number of research studies have established a connection between high education performance among students and good relationship between head teachers and teachers. Thus it is evident that a good relationship between head teachers and teachers promotes a conducive learning environment that can lead to good performance amongst students. Basically, a healthy relationship between teachers and head teachers is one that is characterized by mutual respect, collaboration, trust and a common goal. In order for this to be actualized, it is important for head teachers to build a platform whereby teachers can learn new skill s, communicate about issue that affect them and eventually get motivation to perform their duties unreservedly (Harris, Day Hadfield p 67). The purpose of this study is to investigate how good relationships between head teachers and teachers can lead to success and better performance amongst students. Several relevant literatures will be reviewed to establish the various factors revolving around good relationships between head teachers and teachers. Furthermore, the reviewed literature will establish how good relationships between head teachers and teachers can lead to success and better performance amongst students particularly in primary schools. This study will explore various conceptual frameworks with regards to good relationships between head teachers and teachers. In order to gather data on the relationships between head teachers and teachers, several questionnaires were distributed to head teachers and four teachers in two primary schools in Saudi Arabia. The results of these questionnaires will be conveyed in this study, thereafter this study will provide a discussion based on the findings of these questionnaire s. Literature Review According to Mulkeen (2010, p108), head teachers are the senior leaders and managers of schools and thus they play an imperative role in the functioning of schools. Head teachers are expected to take responsibility in the overall management of the school this includes, managing teachers. Mulkeen notes that, too often head teachers tend to focus on external matters such as the schools communications with the education ministry instead of managing the operations of the school. This in turn causes them to be absent from school and as result certain issues affecting teachers are left unaddressed. Recent studies show that the rate of absentness amongst head teachers is relatively high as compared to that of teachers. The effective leadership of a headmaster positively influences the performance of both the teachers and students. On the other hand, ineffective leadership on the part of a head teacher can bring about disarray in educational goals and poor performance for both teachers and s tudents (Mulkeen 108). Indeed leadership is fundamental aspect in the vocation of head teachers. The form of leadership style that they exercise in their daily running of schools directly determines whether they will have good or bad relationships with teachers. In the book Primary teachers stress, the authors of this books, Troman and Wood (2001, p 61) explain that the phenomenon of teacher bullying is widespread in schools. A website study investigating issues with regards to bullying in the workplace indicated that 20% of the reported bullying cases in the workplace involved teachers. A third of the number of teachers involved in these surveys revealed that they were victimized by head teachers. Some head teachers are known to employing bullying and other form of tyrannical leadership styles with the aim of forcing teachers to discharge their duties accordingly. However, studies show that teachers who are mistreated or bullied in their workplaces tend to lack motivation to do their work and as a result their level of productivity is wanting, this in turn affects the performance of students in their academic work (Troman Wood 62). Troman and Wood (2001, p 63) further demonstrate that in cases of bullying teachers and head teachers are involved in a strong emotional relationship and the thus the quality of relationship between the head teachers and teachers influences the teaching practice (Troman Wood 63). In reference to the sentiments of Green (2004, p 235), the leadership styles used in the headship of a school determines the kind of relationship that head teachers have with teachers and the performance outcomes of teachers and students. Basically, there are six main options of leadership styles that can yield varied results that either influence the performance of teachers and students positively or negatively. These styles of leadership include, authoritative, affiliative, coaching, pace setting and democratic. Based on this hypothesis it is evident that the leadership styles employed by head teachers determines the sought of relationship that they will have with teachers and other subordinates. It is therefore worth questioning what kind of leadership should head teachers use to ensure that they have good relationships with teachers? (Green 235). A study commissioned by the National Association of Head teachers (NAHT) sought to establish the perspectives of both teachers and head teachers on effective school leadership. The findings of this study depicted that effective school leadership in the perspective of teachers entails the head teachers ability to form good relationships with teachers. Head teachers should be aware of the needs of teachers and they should take part in addressing the various issues that affect teachers. According to Harris, Day Hadfield (2003, p 67) teachers accentuate that they value their professional and personal relationship with the head teachers. Most teachers prefer a relationship with head teachers that will enable them to freely communicate with the head teachers concerning any issue revolving around their work. Harris, Day Hadfield observe that a good relationship between the head teachers and teachers is characterized by mutual respect, understanding and trust. Despite the fact that the head teachers are professionally superior to teachers, they should not use their authority to undermine or disrespect teachers. Instead they should foster a conducive work environment whereby teachers can be able to express themselves freely and grow professionally. On the other hand, teachers should also model ways in which they can work and build mutual respect and trust with their superiors, in this case head teachers (Harris, Day Hadfield 67). Harris, Day Hadfield (2003, p 67) further recommend that in order to establish a good relationship between head teachers and teachers, head teachers should embrace the contributions of teachers and show that their efforts and contributions are highly valued. In return teachers should be willing to be supportive towards the efforts of the head teachers. Moreover, a healthy work relationship between teachers and head teachers is one that enables and promotes the development of the teachers career. The development of the teachers career may sometimes change the type of relationship between head teachers and the teachers. As teachers gain more experience and skill in their career they become more confident in the articulation of their duties. According to the findings of a study commissioned by the National Association of Head teachers (NAHT), during the first years of their profession, a good number of teachers are often afraid of the head teachers thus their relationship with the head teachers is characterized by apprehension. In these instances teachers avoid seeking for help from the head teachers when they encounter difficulties (Harris, Day Hadfield 67). However, as they gain more experience, skills and knowledge most teachers tend to have friendly associations with the head teachers and hence they can seek for guidance and support from the head teachers. Based on the findings of this study, it is evident the development of teachers career can promote good relationship between them and the head teachers. Therefore head teachers should provide learning opportunities that will allow teachers to advance in their careers. Head teachers should anticipate and find ways of addressing the arising demands. Head teachers should prioritize on forming good relationships with teachers as this will inevitable contribute success and better performance amongst students (Avi-Itzhak Ben-Peretz 231). Recent research studies have shown that good relationship between teachers and head teachers is an imperative aspect when it comes to determining the effectiveness and success of schools. Researchers have identified that in successful school, teachers have a positive professional and personal relationship with head teachers. Moreover, in high performing and successful schools head teachers provide teachers with a platform to communicate on issues that affect them and opportunities to develop their careers as teachers (Thoms 196). Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework of this study is based on the assumption that the kind of leadership and motivation strategy employed by school head teachers determines whether or not they have good relationships with teachers. Consequently, the relationship between head teachers and teachers influences the performance of students in schools. Thus good relationships between head teachers and teachers can lead to success and improved academic performance amongst students. Klug (1989) observes that school leaders can determine the motivation amongst teachers by modifying the instructional climate at school. This will in turn determine the attitude of both teachers and students towards education. By efficiently prioritizing on their relationship with teachers head teachers can increase the motivation of students and teachers and directly impact the performance of students (Klug 19). Fredrick Herzbergs theory of motivation further draws a solid conceptual framework for this study. According to Herzberg, there are particular factors in the work environment that lead to quality performance and job satisfaction. At the same time there are certain factors that can bring about poor performance and job dissatisfaction. With reference to the sentiments of Hezerberg, when individuals in a work place are not satisfied with the working conditions they are bound to be less motivated and thus their productivity at work will be affected. Most employees are in search for gratification in terms of recognition, respect, appreciation, responsibility, the nature of their work and advancement. When these conditions are dully met in a work environment employee will feel motivated to give their best in their jobs and as a result pleasant results will be actualized (Oshagbemi 354). Herzberg recommends a two factor model of motivation based on aspects such as the certain characteristics that contribute to the satisfaction of employees at work and other characteristics that contribute to employee dissatisfaction at work. Therefore according to Herzberg both satisfying and dissatisfying characteristics are not in a scale with one increasing as the other diminishes rather these characteristics are independent phenomenas. Herzbergs theory suggests in order for productivity to be enhanced in workplaces, administrators should recognize and address both the satisfying and dissatisfying characteristics. Administrators should not presume that the increase in satisfying factors will inevitably decrease the unsatisfying factors (King 18). The kind of leadership style exercised by schools head teachers determines whether or not they will have good relationships with teachers. Leadership styles can be regarded as the manner in which a person in authority leads. The kind of leadership exercised by school head teachers is reflected on how they communicate with teachers, how they exercise their authority and power, this in turn affects teachers and students. Moreover, the leadership styles articulated by school head teachers influences they way in which they command and motivate teachers to realize the set academic goals. The manner in which school head teachers lead determines if they can effectively motivate teachers and maintain positive relationships with them. The main indicator of effective leadership is the level of motivation that teachers have to diligently have to carry out their duties. In order for teachers to feel motivated to carry out their duties head teachers have to maintain good relationships with teache rs. Thus head teachers should not only give priority to realizing high educational accomplishments but they should also give priority to maintain good interpersonal relationships with teachers. School head teachers should shun from using autocratic forms of leadership rather they should employ leaderships that will promote good relations between them and teachers , they should also exercise leadership styles that will motivate teachers to perform their duties with zealousness (Seashore Taber 346). On the other hand, the reaction of teachers to the leadership of their head teachers depends on the characteristics and values of the teachers. Given the fact tat relationships are two way , teachers also have the obligation of maintaining good relationships with head teachers. According to Seashore and Taber (1975, p 346), the productivity in a work environment is determined by the state of the internal organizational environment characterized by personnel relationship and leadership styles. Teachers are often satisfied with head teachers who are supportive and considerate. A study conducted by Keashly et al (1994, p341) revealed that negative relationship between leaders and employees largely contributes increased absenteeism and reduced productivity (Keashly 341). Basically, the conceptual frame work of this study accentuates that the kind of leadership and motivation strategy employed by school head teachers determines whether or not they have good relationships with teachers. Co nsequently, the relationship between head teachers and teachers influences the performance of students in schools. Based on this theoretical framework, it is apparent that when head teachers maintain positive relationships with teachers schools are bound to be successful (Klug 19). Methodology In this study questionnaires were used as the primary source of collecting data. Questionnaires were preferred due to their suitability for this study, questionnaires enabled the researcher to collect information from a large sample within a short time. The use of questionnaire in this study incurred less costs and time as compared to other methods of data collection. Furthermore, the use of questionnaires in this study ensured confidentiality and as a result respondents were at ease to give honest, candid and objective responses. For this study questionnaires were prepared and distributed to two head teachers and four teachers in two primary schools in Dharan City, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaires largely incorporated closed ended and few open ended questions. The closed ended questions required either the teachers or the head teachers in these schools to reply by marking the relevant multiple choices provided as; always, sometimes, never. On the other hand the open ended questions required the respondents to briefly state their opinion regarding the matter in question. Prior to issuing the questionnaires to the various respondents, the researchers explained to the respondents the purpose and aims of the study. Respondents were encouraged to give honest, candid and objective responses. The questionnaires distributed to the four teachers in the various primary schools had five main sections. The first section consisted of one open ended question and three closed ended questions geared towards evaluating whether the head teachers of the alleged schools helped teachers to develop their careers by providing opportunities that will enable teachers to learn new skills and have new experiences. The second section of the questionnaires distributed to teachers comprised of five closed ended questions and one open ended question geared towards evaluating whether the head teachers of the alleged schools encouraged collaboration amongst themselves and teachers with regards to decision making , educational processes and displinary matters. The third section of the questionnaires comprised of four closed ended questions and one open ended question geared towards evaluating whether the head teachers of the alleged schools build communication processes characterized by trust. The fourth section of the questionnaires comprised of four closed ended questions and one open ended question geared towards evaluating whether the head teachers employed strategies to motivate the teaching staff. The fifth section of the questionnaire comprised of one open ended question assessing the effectiveness of the head teachers leadership. The questionnaires distributed to the two head teachers in the various primary schools had five main sections. The first section assessed whether the head teachers helped teachers to develop in their careers. The second section assessed whether the head teachers encouraged collaboration between them and teachers with regards to educational processes and decision making. The third section assessed whether the head teachers build trustful communication processes that enable teachers to share their ideas and convey their grievances. The fourth section of the questionnaire section assessed whether the head teachers employ strategies geared towards motivating the teaching staff. The final section of the questionnaire sought to find out the challenges that head teachers encounter in their relationships with teachers and how they address these challenges. Notwithstanding the benefits of using questionnaires, the use of questionnaire in this study had certain limitations. For instance the format of the distributed questionnaires made it difficult for the researcher to examine complex opinions and issues. Even in cases whereby open ended questions were used, the respondents were limited such that they could not outline certain issues in a holistic manner. This in turn made it difficult for the researchers collect in-depth details. Results The first section of the questionnaire issued to teachers evaluated whether the head teachers of the alleged schools helped teachers to develop their careers by providing opportunities that will enable teachers to learn new skills and have new experiences. With regards to the question on whether the head teachers helped teachers to take advantage of opportunities to learn new skills all the four teachers issued with the questionnaire, responded that sometimes the head teachers helped then to take advantage of the opportunities to learn new skills. With regards to the question on whether the head teachers help teachers to take advantage of opportunities for new experiences all the four teachers issued with the questionnaire, responded that sometimes the head teachers helped then to take advantage of the opportunities for new experiences. With regards to the question on whether the head teacher looked for ways to help teachers become more successful, two teachers responded by saying al ways whereas the remaining two responded using sometimes. The last question in this section sought to find out the areas that the teachers thought are the most important areas that the head teacher should improve in developing teachers. Most of the teachers responded that attend instructional courses is one of the most important areas that head teachers should address in order to develop teachers. The second section of the questionnaire issued to teachers sought to evaluate whether the head teachers of the alleged schools encouraged collaboration between them and teachers. With regards to the questions on whether the head teachers met teachers every month, listened to the opinions and suggestions of the teachers on educational process and build cooperation with teachers all the four respondents answered that sometimes this happened. With regards to the question on whether the head teachers involved teachers in decision making two out of four teachers responded that sometimes they are involved whereas the remaining respondents answered that they are never involved in decision making. With regards to the question that sought to find out what head teachers should do in order to encourage collaboration, most teachers recommended that head teachers should involve the teaching staff in decision making. The third section of the questionnaire issued to teachers sought to assess whether head teachers build trustful communication process that enable teachers to communicate what is on their mind. Three out of four teachers confirmed that their head teachers never build trustful communication processes. It is only one out of four of the examined teachers who confirmed that their head teachers always build trustful communication processes. All the four examined teachers responded that the head teachers always believed that trust is the foundation for successful collaboration. All the four examined teachers also responded the head teachers in their alleged schools never walk the talk. With regards to the final questing in this section that sought to determine the most important steps that the head teachers should take in order to improve trust. Most teachers recommended that the head teachers should mandate teachers with tasks that will help building trust. The fourth section of the questionnaire issued to teachers sought to assess whether head teachers employ strategies geared towards motivating their teaching staff. The findings of this questionnaire established that all of the examined teachers, felt that sometimes the head teacher employed strategies to motivate them. With regards to the question on the most important areas that the teachers thought that the head teachers should motivate teachers, most teachers responded that the head teacher must estimate innovators works for teachers. The fifth section of the questionnaires issued to teachers sought to establish whether teachers though that the leadership exercised by head teachers was successful. Most teachers said yes because the head teachers in their alleged schools build cooperation and trust between them and teachers. In addition, the head teachers showed the teachers respect. The findings of the questionnaires issued to head teachers indicated that the head teachers sometimes took advantage of opportunities to develop the careers of teachers. The two examined head teachers identified instructional courses as the most important area that required improvement when it comes to developing teachers. The findings of the questionnaires issued to head teachers also indicated that sometimes the head teachers encouraged collaboration amongst themselves and teachers with regards to matters such as decision-making, displinary matters and educational processes. In the questionnaires, the head teachers indicated that the most important areas for improvement with regards to collaboration revolved around decision-making. The finding of these questionnaires also depicted that sometimes the head teachers build trustful communication processes that enable teachers to say what is on their mind. According to the responses of the two head teachers, the most important area that requires improvement when it comes to building trustful communication processes is decision making. The head teachers recommended that teachers should be committed and involved in decision- making. Moreover, the findings of the questionnaires issued to the two head teachers established that sometimes the head teachers employed motivational strategies geared towards motivating the teaching staff. The head teachers recommended that they should create social activity between the teaching staff so as to improve the motivation of teachers at work. One of the key challenges that the head teachers encounter in their relationship with the teachers is the lack of enough teaching staff and as a result, they face challenges when it comes to equally distributing work. Discussion Good relationship between head teachers and teachers is imperative since it determines whether a school system experiences success on its educational goals. Among the key elements that contribute to good relationships between head teachers and teachers include the leadership style that a head teacher uses in the school environment or the motivational strategies that the head teacher employs so as to motivate the teaching staff. According to (Seashore Taber 346), the kind of leadership exercised by school head teachers is reflected on how they communicate with teachers, how they exercise their authority and power, this in turn affects teachers and students. Moreover, the leadership styles articulated by school head teachers influences they way in which they command and motivate teachers to realize the set academic goals. The manner in which school head teachers lead determines if they can effectively motivate teachers and maintain positive relationships with them. The main indicator o f effective leadership is the level of motivation that teachers have to diligently have to carry out their duties. In order for teachers to feel motivated to carry out their duties head teachers have to maintain good relationships with teachers. The findings of the issued questionnaires depict that in the two schools whereby the study was conducted the relationship between the head teachers and teachers is relatively good. This is mainly because based on these findings, it is evident that the head teachers employ leadership styles that to some extent enable teachers to develop in the careers and also take part in the decision making process. Moreover, these finds depict that to some extent the head teachers employ motivational strategies that aim at motivating the teaching staff. For instance, With regards to the question on whether the head teachers helped teachers to take advantage of opportunities to learn new skills all the four teachers issued with the questionnaire, responded that sometimes the head teachers helped then to take advantage of the opportunities to learn new skills. With regards to the questions on whether the head teachers met teachers every month, listened to the opinions and suggestions of the teachers on educational process and build cooperation with teachers all the four respondents answered that sometimes this happened. In addition the finding of this study established that the head teachers in these schools to a certain extent used motivational strategies in order to motivate its staff. This shows that the head teachers in these schools employ certain strategies that promote good relationships between them and teachers. Nevertheless, there is still room for improvement. The case examples of the two primary schools in Dharan City, Saudi Arabia provide a good example of the nature of relationships between head teachers and teachers and how these relationships can be improved. For instance based on the finding of this study , in order for good relationships to be fostered between head teachers and teachers it essential for head teachers to help teachers take advantage of opportunities for new experiences and opportunities to learn new skills. Harris, Day Hadfield (2003, p 67) observe that a healthy work relationship between teachers and head teachers is one that enables and promotes the development of the teachers career. The development of the teachers career may sometimes change the type of relationship between head teachers and the teachers. As teachers gain more experience and skill in their career they become more confident in the articulation of their duties (Harris, Day Hadfield p 67). Moreover, in order for head teachers to establish good relationships with teachers, it is essential for head teachers to create a conducive work environment that will allow teachers to be involved in the decision making process and also a work environment that enable teachers to communicate freely about their opinions and ideas. Additionally, head teachers should employ motivational strategies such as creating social activities for the teaching staff, with the aim of motivating the teaching so that they can enhance their performance. Conclusion The purpose of this study was to establish how good relationships between head teachers and teachers can lead to success and better performance amongst students. Through a review of several relevant literatures, this study established that the form of leadership style that head teachers exercise in their daily running of schools directly determines whether they will have good or bad relationships with teachers. Furthermore, most of the reviewed literatures recommended that head teachers should prioritize on forming good relationships with teachers as this will inevitable contribute success and better performance amongst students. The conceptual framework of this study was based on the assumption that the kind of leadership and motivation strategy employed by school head teachers determines whether or not they have good relationships with teachers. Consequently, the relationship between head teachers and teachers influences the performance of students in schools. In this study, questionnaires were used as the main methods of collecting data. These questionnaires were distributed to two head teachers and four teachers in two primary schools in Dharan City, Saudi Arabia. The findings of these questionnaires depicted that in the two schools whereby the study was conducted the relationship between the head teachers and teachers is relatively good. However, there is still room for improvement for instance in order to establish better relationships with teachers, the head teachers in these schools should a conducive work environment that will enable teachers to be involved in the decision making process, develop in their careers and also a work environment that enable teachers to communicate freely about their opinions and ideas.

Corporate Social Responsibility At British Petroleum Commerce Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility At British Petroleum Commerce Essay According to Mohr (1996), corporate responsibility is supported by the concepts of multidimensional definitions and social marketing. In the multidimensional definitions concept, the focus is on the major responsibilities expected from companies. These major responsibilities include economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic dimensions (Carroll, 1991). These responsibilities must be performed in order to benefit not only the company operators but also their employees, customers, the community and the general public. Kotler (1991) notes that the social marketing concept of corporate responsibility stresses that companies should operate in a way that maintains or enhances the well-being of its customers as well as its society. Petkus and Woodruff (1992) supported this concept further by stating that CSR is the avoidance of harm and the provision of good services. The definition given by the authors on corporate social responsibility may vary to a certain degree. However, the meanings of these definitions emphasize on one matter, and that is, a socially responsible organization must have priorities other that short-term profitability (Mohr, 1996). A study has been conducted with regards to the significance of corporate social responsibility to profitability (Mohr Webb, 2001). Although, further studies are still necessary in order to analyze the correlation of these factors, the findings of Mohr and Webb showed that social responsibility plays a significant role in consumer appeal. The perceptions of consumers however, tends to vary with regards to this aspect. Nonetheless, this stresses the importance of corporate responsibility not only on benefiting the stakeholders but also in achieving the goals of the companies towards growth and profitability. Primarily, the main goal of this report is to analyse the corporate social responsibility of British petroleum. Herein, the analysis will discuss how the company has been able to adhere to their responsibilities in the society which they operate. In addition, this paper will also discuss the comparison on the CSR approach of BP and The CO-OP. Overview of the Company British Petroleum known today as BP Amoco is a petroleum industry based in London. It is recognized as one of the top four oil and petroleum companies throughout the world. The company started in 1901when William Knox DArcy was given the permission by the Shah of Persia to explore the land for oil and founded one in May 1908. Because of this discovery, the Anglo-Persian Oil Company was established so as to expose these findings. The company has grown gradually because of this as World War I is happening; the British Government shows intense interest to the company which became the source of fuel oil of Royal Navy during WWI. In 1917, the war gives permission to the British Government to have full control of the company and named it British Petroleum. The company has continued to become one of the largest oil companies in Europe and because the company wanted to expand its market, BP merged wit the American Oil Company (AMOCO). Today, the company operated in more than 100 states in 6 continents including China. The main goal of this company is to drill and find oil. The major activities of BP Amoco is exploration and production of natural gas and crude oil; refining or decontamination, marketing, supply and transportation and production and marketing or petrochemicals. In addition, the company also engaged itself in solar power. The strategic use technology and strategic management can be considered as a factor for this achievement. The company also acquires Burmah Castrol and Atlantic Richfield Corporation (Arco) and has been able to launch a combined global branding. The company offers products and services which are divided into three categories; on the roads which include fuels and stations, fuel cards, Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG), lubricants, roadside assistance and route planners, for the home which consists of products like LPG, online store and solar and renewable; and for business which include a ir BP, Bitumen, BP Marine, BP open books, BP shipping, petrochemicals, power, natural gas, lubricants liquified natural gas (LNG) and LPG, fuels, fuel cards and solar and renewable. In order to easily reach their customers, BP also uses the internet through its website. Corporate Social Responsibility of BP A facet of corporate social responsibility is the companys responsibility in the preservation and care of the environment. Oil companies, particularly the British Petroleum have battled issues coming out against them in relation to environmental issues. In fact, some environmental organisations have expressed dismay over the indiscriminate company performance of BP that resulted to harm in the environment. In August 1991, based on its analysis of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) toxic release inventory data for 1990 (the most recent available), the Washington, D.C.- based public interest group Citizen Action named BP among the top 10 polluters in the United States (BP: A Legacy of Apartheid, Pollution and Exploitation 2006). The findings brought out by environmental agencies and concerned environmentalist groups have caused the firm to take measures regarding the issue. Two years after Lord John Browne took over the BP administration, the firm rolled out a new marketing strategy that involved emphasis on environmental responsibility. In 1997, the British Petroleum supported the Kyoto Protocol, a worldwide agreement that seeks to prevent global warming by reducing greenhouse emissions. Subsequent efforts to minimise their business impact to the natural environment (providing cleaner burning fuels, reducing emissions, ending all facilitation payments (bribes) and political contributions) were also much publicised by the company, not only in observance of their corporate social responsibility, but also as a way of maintaining their stakeholders trust. These attempts on the part of the firm were questioned for their real intention, particularly the question will it lead the world in a sustainable energy revolution, truly moving beyond petroleum, or will it be content to profit from the exploitation of an increasingly taxed planet while draping itself in green? (Assadourian, 2004). Having been able to realize their corporate social responsibilities, the British petroleum has been able to solve the issue and attempt to have an enormous reinvention in 2000. The main goal of this reinvention is to alter the perception the people regarding BP in terms of its business operation and its role in the society. This reinvention is also a part of the adherence of the company to their social responsibilities and which costs $200 million. British petroleum was the first oil industry which started to address the issue of global climate change. It can be said that the corporate social responsibility challenge for the British petroleum has been threefold. The first one is to the challenge of translating the social responsibility commitment into an efficient and consistent approach in the global market. The next is to be able to meld the BP its subsidiaries like Arco and Amoco to social investments and the last is to satisfy and meet the external expectations from the society. These CSR commitment has been strengthened through the changes or reinvention mentioned above which include their advertisement of the Beyond Petroleum. In doing and meeting their organisational goal of being committed to social responsibilities, the company had been able to conduct rigorous planning with more than 130 fully functions Business Units. In this regard, each of the each of the Business Units has largely autonomous business operations with its own identity, history, imperatives and relationships. The Corporate social responsibility strategy of BP has also been able to give importance to three performance measures which include the social, environmental and financial which are known as the triple bottom line. The commitment of the BP with their social responsibility ensures that wherever they operation, their activities should be able to establish economic benefits and opportunities by enhancing the quality of life of individually, specifically those who are directly influenced by the company. The CSR commitment of the British Petroleum focuses on five aspects which include the employee relationships, ethical conducts, health safety and environmental performance, financial aspect and control (British Petroleum, 2008). In order to ensure that they are able to get affiliated with different international and global organisations for Human rights such as the United Nations, US-UK Voluntary Principles and others, for the labour relationships they follow the standards of the ILO Tri partite Declaration of Principles Concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy and for environmental accountabilities they are linked with the GHG emissions reduction, ISO14000 and Clean Fuels Programs. Just like British Petroleum, other organisations are also able to adhere to the concept of being socially responsible and THE CO-OP is never an exemption. The corporate social responsibility of this company works in various stakeholders such as individual members, employees, customers, corporate members, suppliers, the wider community, and the cooperative members. In doing so, the company has provide community investment of  £7.3m, which is equal to 3.2% pre-tax profit, up from 2.5% in year 2003.

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PATIENT CONFIDENTIALITY Patient Confidentiality is where a patient's medical information should be kept confidential. This concept can even be dated back to the Hippocratic Oath. When a patient goes to see his or her doctor, that patient expects to have his or her information kept confidential. They trust the medical practitioner to keep the information between them and related medical practitioners. For instance, you do not want people to find out about a disease you have and you to be affected by their knowledge of this.This establishment of trust along with medical ethical guidelines dictates this to be a duty for the doctors. Also, a person’s medical laws are meant to be kept confidential and not to be shared with anyone as dictated by law. This law is known as Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). There are many instances where a medical practitioner can release this information without your consent, but none of these reasons should benefit the physician in any way. When you buy health insurance, you need to authorize the release of medical records to the...

Old Leisure - Literary Devices :: essays research papers

History has seen advancements in technology, philosophy, and industry, all of which radically changed the lives of those witnessing such developments. Slower, more relaxed lifestyles have given way to lifestyles of a faster paced nature. George Eliot describes her preference for the leisure of the past, conveying the message that the rushed leisure of her time is hardly leisure at all. She accomplishes this by using several stylistic devices, including personification, imagery, and diction. The most obvious stylistic device used by Eliot is that of personification. She uses this device to create two people from her thoughts on old and new leisure. The fist person is New Leisure, who we can infer to be part of the growth of industry in the 19th century. He is eager and interested in science, politics, and philosophy. He reads exciting novels and leads a hurried life, attempting to do many things at once. Such characteristics help us to create an image of New Leisure as Eliot sees him. Old Leisure is quite contrasting to New Leisure. Being a stout country squire of the 18th century, he is laid back, simple minded, well fed, and financially well off. He reads but one newspaper and favors Sunday services that "allow him to sleep." "He never went to Exeter Hall, or heard a popular preacher, or read Tracts for the Times or Sartor Resartus." He is not bothered by his "inability to know the causes of things" and sleeps "the sleep of the irresponsible." Eliot describes Old Leisure more than New Leisure because today's readers are familiar enough with living a life as hurried and fast paced as New Leisure's. Her description of Old Leisure is nostalgic of a slower paced way of life. While Eliot uses human characteristics and actions to describe Old and New Leisure, she also creates images of both personages to further depict their contrasting lifestyles. The images of Old Leisure include him "scenting the apricots when they were warmed by the morning sunshine." They also depict portraits of life in Old Leisure's era as "slow waggons," "spinning wheels," and "pedlars, who brought bargains to the door on a sunny afternoon." They also tell of how Old Leisure "fingered the guineas in his pocket" and was "fond of sauntering by the fruit-tree wall." New Leisure, on the other hand, does not live in a world where such images are present. He is ""prone to cursory peeps through microscopes" and is "prone to excursion- trains, art museums, periodical literature, and exciting novels.

Oral Pathology :: essays research papers

4- Black Hairy Tongue   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -Characterized by the elongation and hyperkeratosis of the filiform papillae, resulting in this hairlike appearance. The elongated papillae usually exhibit brown, yellow, or black pigmentation. Most patients are asymptomatic, but occasionally patients complain of irritation, gagging, or an altered taste. Patients are usually heavy smokers with poor oral hygiene and some have vitamin deficiencies, GI problems, or radiation therapy. Cures range from just brushing the tongue to corticosteroid therapy. 5- Cleft Palate   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -Congenital defect in which the lateral halves of the palate fail to fuse during embryonic development. It may be localized to the uvula, the soft and/or hard palate, or the lip. Combined cleft lip and palate is more common in males, whereas isolated cleft palate occurs more frequently in girls. Corrective surgery is usually successful if approached after 18 months of age. 6- Torus Mandibularis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -Common pattern exostosis usually located above the mylohyoid line adjacent to the bicuspids. Typically bilateral and consist of lamellar bone with an occasional overlay of cancellous bone. Some believe it’s hereditary with an increased prevalence in early adult males who possess increase masticatory stresses. Some tori have been known to resorb and remodel as stresses decrease with age. Treatment is not necessary unless it interferes with prosthetic appliances. 7- Lymphoepithelial Cyst (I also see a lot of this out here) *two slides   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -Cyst that arises from epithelium entrapped within lymphoid tissue. It presents as a superficial submucosal mass that is yellow or whitish in coloration. The most frequent location is in the floor of the mouth followed by the posterior lateral border of the tongue, soft palate, tonsillar pillars, orophorynx, and the ventral tongue. The entrapped epithelium may have originated from salivary gland ducts or from the lining epithelium of surface invaginations plugged with desquamative keratin. Surgical excision can be performed; however, it is not necessary. 10- Internal Resorption   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -The removal of tooth structure that involves the inner dentinal walls by cells originating from the dental pulp. Most instances occur during adulthood and have no sex predilection. Initiation is either idiopathic or associated with some form of trauma or dental decay. The walls of the canal are smooth and well defined. Root canal therapy may prove beneficial if the resorption area can be properly instrumented, otherwise, extraction is warranted. (First time I saw this was just last week) 11- Talon Cusp   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It’s an accessory cusp usually located on the lingual surface of permanent or deciduous incisors.

Direct & Indirect Leadership

Direct vs. Indirect Leadership The term leadership is a word taken from the common vocabulary and incorporated into the technical vocabulary, of a scientific discipline without being precisely redefined. As a consequence, it carries extraneous connotations that create ambiguity of meaning (Janda, 1960). Leadership has been described as the â€Å"process of social influence, in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task†. Social influence occurs when an individual's thoughts, feelings or actions are affected by other people, i. e†¦ onformity, peer pressure and socialization. (Wikipedia). The military definition of Leadership is influencing people—by providing purpose, direction, and motivation—while operating to accomplish the mission and improving the organization. Getting people to do what you want them to do. It is the means or method to achieve two ends: operating and improving. But there’s more to influencing than simply passing along orders. The example you set is just as important as the words you speak. And you set an example—good or bad—with every action you take and word you utter, on or off duty. Through your words and example, you must communicate purpose, direction, and motivation (FM 22-100 Chapter 1The Leadership Framework). Military leadership could be different from the rest of the world. Most corporations, companies and jobs are not bound by and oath, some may be. But what they do have in common, you don’t get to pick your leadership style. In the army you were sworn by an oath to defend the Constitution of the United States, against all enemies foreign and domestic so help you God and obey the orders of those appointed over you. In others words you didn’t have a choice, to pick what style of leadership you wanted. Most military leadership is a form of direct leadership. Generals communicate with field Commanders through teleconference, e-mails and speeches updating and talk about rules and regulation that effect their immediate command. Reinforcing, the army mission, its values and goals. Commanders are different they provide direct and indirect leadership, they are the one’s closet to the ground solider. Examples of direct leadership include formations, inspections and motor pool visits. They meet with their chain of command on a daily basis, to discuss and update them on changes to policies and regulation. Ensuring that all rules and regulation are being followed according to Department of Defense (DOD) and Uniform Code of Military Justice addressing all concerns and issues under their Chain of Command. Examples of more direct leadership include memos too change to policy, speaking at New Solider Orientation and before field training exercise. A form of indirect leadership by a CEO is called â€Å"cascading† (Bass, Waldman, Avolio, & Bebb, 1987; Waldman & Yammarino, 1999; Yammarino, 1994), occurs when the direct influence of the CEO on immediate subordinates is transmitted down the authority hierarchy of an organization (e. g. , from the CEO to middle managers, to lower-level managers, to regular employees. In this case the United States Army, through their promotion system. The Army is looking to retain, recruit and promote soldiers’ whose attitude, values (you’re vs. Army), military knowledge and appearance stack up against theirs through the promotion systems. Military Leadership Development Courses schooling design educate, reinforce the leader to achieve excellence. The Leader of Character and Competence Acts: Valves, Be, Know and Do. Values are Loyalty, Selfless Service and Integrity. Be: loyal, mental, physical and emotional strong. Know: Interpersonal, Technical and Tactical skills. Do: Influencing, through communicating and decision making. Operating, executing and assessing missions/training. Improving, through team building, developing and learning (FM 22-100 Chapter 1 The leadership Framework Fig 1-1). The type of leadership depends on the type of organizations that you are in or working for. One leadership style do not fit every situation. Strengths and Weaknesses Direct: Strengths: Everyone knows who’s in charge. Leaders or Managers has all the power, employees has very little input. Weakness: employees have no input, everything is enforce from the top down Employees may not take any initiative Indirect: Strengths: Employees can brainstorm come up with different ideas on how to accomplish the task/mission. Weakness: Could be time consuming, no one can agree on how to accomplish the task No one wants to accept responsibility

Communication Skill

1. Reading Comprehension oReading comprehension is one important communication skill a pharmacy technician must have. They must be able to read and understand prescription information and instructions from doctors to fill patients' prescriptions. Pharmacy technicians need to be able to fill prescriptions with detail and accuracy, as even a slight mistake or misunderstanding can be dangerous to a patient. Prescription drugs are often long and uncommon words, so pharmacy technicians need to read each prescription accurately, and call the doctor's office with any questions or clarification.Give Instruction oOne management and communication skill pharmacy technicians must have is the ability to give instructions. Pharmacy technicians needs to communicate clearly to patients regarding usage and other details of their prescription or over-the-counter medication. Patients must follow their doctor's orders when it comes to how much prescription medication to take, and when — it the ph armacy technician's responsibility to help patients understand those details.Pharmacy technicians also must be able to give instruction and communicate other information to co-workers. o Customer Service oCustomer service skills are another valuable communication aspect of a pharmacy technician's job. Patients often have a number of different options when it comes to pharmacies for prescription fulfillment. Therefore, to retain existing customers and attract new ones, pharmacy technicians need to be friendly, personable and helpful. Providing patients with quality service gives them a reason to keep coming back.Inventory and Maintenance oAnother management skill a pharmacy technician must have is the ability to take accurate inventory and perform maintenance on all equipment and the facility in general. Pharmacy technicians must keep accurate inventory of medication so they know what they have on hand. They must discard expired medication and stock new medication, and record those a ctions. Pharmacy technicians also need to ensure all equipment, such as scales, measuring tools and computers, are working properly. Communication Skill Effective Communication Skills Effective communication skills are the key to your success because there are people everywhere! Our effective communication training  webinars  and  tools  will show you: | Advantages of effective communication| | Effective communication in the workplace| | Effective communication techniques| | Four styles of communication (DISC)| | Conflict resolution strategies| | Communicating Using Email| | Persuasion and sales strategies| | Non verbal communication| |   | Effective Communication Effective communication happens largely at an unconscious level†¦ nd that's why the most effective communicators of all time paid as much attention to  how  they were delivering their message as they did to the exact words that they were using. And that's why it's so easy for email to go horribly wrong. Don't get me wrong†¦ words are critically important to getting your message through loud and clear, but the psychology behind them is more important. And that's why Maximum Advantage is dedicated to combining the latest advances in psychology and linguistics with time tested methods to give you a communication edge that some might consider to be â€Å"unfair† The Communication Process The communication process is a six step cycle, and unfortunately the communication can break down or become confused at any step. Sometimes the message isn't even clear in our own brain, and yet we still expect others to know what we mean! Then the encoding, sending, and decoding phases all provide opportunities for errors and misunderstandings to crop into the process. In the fifth step, the receiver has to filter the message and decide what it means based on their own values, beliefs, filters, and memories. If any of these steps fails, the result is confusion, conflict, and frustration. Effective Communication Video Here's a short video that explains exactly how the effective communication process works. How To Communicate Effectively Cons idering how many opportunities there are for communication to go wrong – it's amazing that it ever goes right! Here are  my  seven rules for effective communication: 1. Take responsibility for the success of your communication. If they're not â€Å"getting it†, it's because you're not giving it in a way they can understand. To learn to communicate in  ways that people instinctively understand, visit  Communication University. . Realize that the unconscious mind is your greatest ally. Here's a demonstration. 3. It's not about you. To communicate effectively, learn to see the world for the other person's perspective. 4. If what you're doing isn't working†¦ do something different. 5. Communication can change reality. That's why advertisers spent $165,000,000,000 last year†¦ and you can have the same impact when you know how. Here's information about persuasion. 6. Every action has a positive intention. You just have to find it. 7. It's better to be succe ssful than right.The world demands results, not excuses. Effective Communication Skills Here is a short list of some of the skills that it takes to be an effective communicator. Think about your own communication style and which skills you are strong in and which ones you could do better. | Listening  for facts and feelings to make sure that you interpreting the message as intended. | | Asking questions effectively to guide listeners to solutions. | | Recognizing and defusing the filters people are using when they communicate. | | Creating rapport to smooth difficult messages and build relationships. | Uncovering the unique values that drive each person and then constructing your message to match their personal system. | | Using  non-verbal cues  to understand what the speaker really means. | | Finding and replacing the cues that cause the â€Å"domino effect† in conflict and confrontation. | | Breaking unempowering belief cycles without directly attacking a belief. | | Overcoming objections by agreeing. | | Building and using stories to make a point without anyone realizing it. | | Replacing destructive patterns such as anger  with empowering patterns that get better results. | | Reading the secrets hidden in every email message. |

Bio 105 Final Study Guide

Bio Biology 105 Final Study Guide QUIZ 1: SCIENCE 1. What is science? a. A way of knowing about the natural world using a process designed to reduce the chance of being misled 2. List the 8 steps for the process of science: b. Observation: c. Question: d. Literature review: e. Multiple hypotheses: f. Deductions: g. Tests: h. Tentative conclusions: i. Peer review: 3. 3 rules of science: j. maximize sample size k. representative sample l. controlled studies QUIZ 2: SOCIAL TRAPS 4. LL 5. LL 6. LL 7. LL 8. LL 9. LL QUIZ 3: PLATE TECHTONICS 10. Theory of plate tectonics: m. explains earths topography and more 1. What is the underlying mechanism for plate techtonics? n. Convection cells in mantle 12. 5 Plate Boundaries: o. Divergent: rifts, ridges, new oceanic crust p. Ocean-Continent: volcanic mountain chains, trenches q. Ocean-Ocean: volcanic island arcs, trenches r. Continent-Continent: upfolded mountains s. Transform: strike-slip faults 13. What is a hotspot? t. Where a plume of magma comes up and breaks the surface, spewing out lava u. Example: Hawaiian islands 14. Explosive vs. blooping volcanoes: v. Explosive: w. Blooping: 15. how do oceans and continents form? x. Oceans: y. Continents: 16.Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur? z. G QUIZ 4: CLIMATE 17. The two main components that affect climate {. Temperature & precipitation 18. Rising air vs. Descending air: |. Rising air: cools, holds less water vapor, relative humidity increases, rain increase }. Descending air: heats, holds more water vapor, relative humidity decreases, less rain 19. What is the dew point? ~. The temperature at which relative humidity (water vapor increase) becomes 100% 20. What are 3 causes of precipitation? . Convection – when air is heated and rises . Orographic – when air rises as it is blown up the side of a mountain .Frontal – when air rises as it is pushed up the leading edge of a cold front 21. What 3 major factors affect temperature? . Elevation, lat itude, and green house gas concentration in atmosphere 22. What causes the seasons? . 23. 5 degree tilt and the revolution around sun, the angles it hits earth 23. What causes is to be cooler in the SW in winter and warmer in summer? . We are tilted more perpendicular to the sun in the summer 24. List the 4 major causes of deserts: . descending air in Hadley cells . rainshadow effect . cold ocean offshore . being far away from a water source 25.Name and define the levels of organization of the living world from organism through biome: . Organism (individual living things) . Population (group of individuals of the same species occupying a given area at the same time) . Community (all populations occupying a given place) . Ecosystem (community plus the physical environment in a given place and their interactions) . Biome (major type of ecosystem) 26. Name and define the five parts of ecosystem structure . Energy Source (usually sunlight) . Physical Environment (non-living materials) . Producers (organisms that make their own food) Consumers (organisms that eat other living things) . Decomposers (organisms that eat waste matter and dead organisms) 27. What are the advantages and disadvantages of internalizing external costs? . Advantages: redirect economic growth in ways that consider long-term, societal impacts; paying real price lets market regulate. . Disadvantages: difficult to determine external costs; higher prices will allow competitors that don't internalize external costs to outcompete 28. Differentiate between product and service economy . Product economy focuses on putting out a product that is consumed. A service economy focuses on the service required by the consumer rather than the product (e. g. , leasing rather than selling). 29. Soil profile * surface litter: fresh and partly decomposed organic matter. * topsoil: where most living things and nutrients are. * zone of leaching: where dissolved materials from above move down. * subsoil: accumulated materials from above. * parent material: partially broken down rock, source of minerals and inorganic material in soil. i. bedrock: underlying, unweathered rock. 30. Why are tropical soils not productive for growing crops/cattle in the long run? When vegetation is removed, the thin topsoil decomposes, leaches, and erodes quickly, leaving the hard, red, iron-rich soil that is unproductive (and this only takes a few years) 31. DEFINE: 0 unsaturated zone: upper soil layer that holds both air and water 1 saturation zone: usually lower soil layer where all available pores between soil particles are filled with water 2 water table: the top of the zone of saturation 3 aquifer: groundwater that is economically retrievable 4 recharge area: where water is added to an aquifer 5 discharge area: where water is removed from an aquifer (e. g. , wells, springs, rivers, etc. 6 ground water mining: removing water from an aquifer faster than it is replenished (discharge rate greater than recharge rate ). watershed: the land area around a body of water over which water could flow and potentially enter that body of water. 32. Problems with overpumping ground water: . higher costs associated with digging deeper wells and pumping farther up . lower water quality . loss of habitat . subsidence: as water is removed from ground, the soil compacts and the surface sinks which leads to permeneant loss of water holding capacity for aquifer . saltwater intrusion 33. 34. 35.